Методи за
редукция на емисиите на диазотен оксид в производствени
условия
М.
Стефанова 89-100
Оризовите люспи: отпадък или ценна суровина.
Възможни решения за тяхното оползотворяване
С. Узунова, И.
Узунов 101-112
Проф. Методи Цветанов на 80 години 143
Осми Балкански конгрес по микробио¬логия Microbiologia Balkanica ’2013 144
РИСКОВИ ФАКТОРИ И СЪБИТИЯ, СВЪРЗАНИ С ИЗГРАЖДАНЕ И ЕКСПЛОАТАЦИЯ НА ГАЗОПРОВОДА “ЮЖЕН ПОТОК”
ОЦЕНКА НА ЗАМЪРСЯВАНЕТО И СРАВНИТЕЛНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА НА ЕМИСИИТЕ НА ФИНИ ПРАХОВИ ЧАСТИЦИ ОТ АВТОМОБИЛНИЯ ТРАНСПОРТ В УРБАНИЗИРАНИ ТЕРИТОРИИ НА БЪЛГАРИЯ
ТЪРСЕНЕ ЖИВОТ НА МАРС
И ПРОЕКТИ ЗА ПОЛЕТ НА ЧОВЕКА
Таня Иванова, Иван Дандолов
SURCH FOR LIFE ON MARS AND
PROJECTS FOR MANNED FLIGHTS
Tania Ivanova, Ivan Dandolov
Abstract: In recent
decades, interest on the study of Mars is constantly
increasing and numerous space probes and robotic devices are
sent towards the Red Planet for life forms search and
potential colonization in the near future. A brief overview
of the results obtained by direct measurements of
environmental parameters and monitoring of extremely harsh
conditions on the surface of Mars is done. Recent studies of
the chemical and mineral composition of rocks by the
Curiosity rover reveal, that there are adequate conditions
for the existence of microorganisms. Despite the
inhospitable environment of the planet, projects are
developed for sending manned missions to Mars and even their
settlement there. The recent discovery of large reserves of
frozen water beneath the surface will facilitate enormously
the task. Projects for sending humans to Mars, on different
programs are briefly described: to land on Mars and go
outside the lander for research, then return to the Earth
(Mars-500), go around Mars, without landing (Inspiration
Mars) and one-way trip to Mars for settlement in pre-built
biosphere complex, providing the necessary conditions for
life and work (Mars One).
Keywords: Life on Mars, Humans to Mars, Mars Colonization
ТРАНСГРАНИЧНО
ЗАМЪРСЯВАНЕ НА ВЪЗДУХА И КОСМИЧЕСКИ МОНИТОРИНГ
Иван Димитров
TRANSBOUNDARY AIR
POLLUTIONS AND SPACE MONITORING
Ivan Dimitrov
Abstract: In the
paper some exemples of transboundary air pollutions in
Bulgaria for the first half of 2012 are presented. The basic
sources of pollution are considered and a satellite photos
of registered hazardous events are presented.
Key words: transboundary air pollution, hazardous events,
space monitoring
НАУЧНА АПАРАТУРА ЗА
КЛЕТЪЧНО КУЛТИВИРАНЕ В УСЛОВИЯ НА ИНДУЦИРАНА
МИКРОГРАВИТАЦИЯ И ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛНИ РЕЗУЛТАТИ
Йордан Найденов, Надежда Стефанова, Таня Иванова
SCIENTIFIC EQUIPMENT FOR
CELL CULTIVATION UNDER INDUCED MICROGRAVITY CONDITIONS AND
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
Yordan Naydenov, Nadezhda Stefanova, Tania Ivanova
Abstract: One of
the main problems arising in long-term orbital missions are
the delayed wound healing and the reduced synthesis of bone
matter, leading to a reduction in bone density – processes
associated with dysfunction of connective tissues. The need
for studies of the behavior of biological objects under
microgravity increases with the advancement of space
technologies and plans for future long-term manned missions
to Mars. Studies with cell cultures may be carried out also
on Earth, in conditions close to weightlessness, by use of
microgravity simulating devices (Random Positioning
Machines). The first Bulgarian scientific equipment –
two-axis clinostat for cell cultivation under induced
microgravity conditions was developed. The system was
adapted to study the effects of microgravity on pre-formed
in vivo-like three-dimensional cultures of fibroblasts. Test
experimental research of the interaction cell-extracellular
matrix was made and initial results were discussed.
Keywords: induced microgravity, two-axis clinostat, Random
Positioning Machine
МЕТОДИ ЗА РЕДУКЦИЯ НА
ЕМИСИИТЕ НА ДИАЗОТЕН ОКСИД В ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕНИ УСЛОВИЯ
Мая Стефанова
INDUSTRIAL MEASURES FOR
NITROUS OXIDE EMISSION REDUCTION
Maya Stefanova
Abastract. Nitrous
oxide N2O is a greenhouse gas under the Kyoto Protocol. The
production of nitric acid has a very high potential for
releasing nitrous oxide emissions which makes it one of the
main industrial sources of N2O. According to literary
sources measures for reduction of N2O emissions at nitric
acid production are grouped into 4 categories: primary
measures, secondary measures, tertiary measures and
sequential (end-of-pipe) techniques. A survey of the
efficiency of the industrial measures for nitrous oxide
emission reduction has been done referring to the necessity
of implementing such measures in order to fulfil the
European Union’s commitments under the Kyoto Protocol and to
achieve the ambitious aim of reducing global greenhouse gas
emissions by at least 50 % below their 1990 levels by 2050.
Key words: nitrous oxide, reduction measures, greenhouse
gases, nitric acid production
ОРИЗОВИТЕ ЛЮСПИ: ОТПАДЪК
ИЛИ ЦЕННА СУРОВИНА. ВЪЗМОЖНИ РЕШЕНИЯ ЗА ТЯХНОТО
ОПОЛЗОТВОРЯВАНЕ
Снежанка Узунова, Иван Узунов
RICE HUSK: WASTE OR A
VALUABLE RAW MATERIAL. POSSIBLE DEVELOPMENTS TO THEIR
UTILIZATION
Snejanka Uzunova, Ivan Uzunov
Abstract. The
article presents a short overview of the state of art in the
methods for conversion of rice husks into carbon/silicon
containing value added materials. Were presented and part of
the results related to the authors’ investigations in this
area. Possibility of establishing a flexible flow sheet for
complex processing of rice husks is indicated.
Keywords: rice husk; combustion; pyrolysis; hydrolysis;
white ahs; silica; carbonaceous materials
ПОРТАТИВНИ ЛИДАРНИ СИСТЕМИ
ЗА САМОАДАПТИРАНЕ НА КОНТРОЛИРАЩАТА ЕЛЕКТРОНИКА НА ВЯТЪРНИ
ТУРБИНИ
Стоян Пенчев, Василка Пенчева, Любен Иванов
PORTABLE LIDAR SYSTEMS FOR
AUTO-TUNING OF THE CONTROLLING ELECTRONICS OF WIND
TURBINES
Stoyan Penchev, Vasilka Pencheva, Luben Mihov
Abstract: The paper
reports an application of portable lidar systems to the
control of the efficiency of contemporary wind generators.
Commercial Doppler lidars are of the most perspective
targets for determination of wind speed and direction. A
growing number of wind-generator farms feature prospects of
greater contribution to ecologic renewable sources in the
sector of energy production. Simultaneously, the development
of lidar technology reduces the dimensions and cost of such
system, as well, increases their rigidness and reliability.
A solution of the problem of real-time processing of lidar
signals is presented. For the purpose, algorithms are
developed for complementary digital filters on the basis of
digital signal processors (DSP). Comparative simulations are
conducted for determination of the efficiency of electronic
noise filtering in the detector system. As a result, the
noise level is reduced below the informative signal by more
than 40 dB.
Keywords: wind generators, Doppler lidar, noise reduction,
neural networks
СРАВНИТЕЛНА ОЦЕНКА НА
БИОШЛАМ СЛЕД АНАЕРОБНА БИОДЕГРАДАЦИЯ С ДРУГИ ПОЧВЕНИ
ПОДОБРИТЕЛИ
Елена Златарева, Пламен Иванов, Светла Маринова, Иван
Симеонов, Снежана Михайлова
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF
DIGESTATE FROM ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADATION WITH OTHER SOIL
IMPROVERS
Elena Zlatareva, Plamen Ivanov, Svetla Marinova, Ivan
Simeonov, Snejana Mihailova
Abstract: Soil is
an ecological system that has a global impact on the
biosphere. She participated in the cycle of substances and
energy in nature and supports the composition of the
atmosphere. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the
main nutrients - nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (general
and mobile quantities) and toxic elements contained in the
classical manure, sludge from wastewater treatment plants
(WWTP) and digestate from biogas production from pig manure
and wasted fruits and vegetables at different rates. Quality
assessment of various wastes is associated with
opportunities for their use in agricultural practice to
maintain and improve soil fertility and crop yields.
Keywords: biogas, digestate, pig manure, sludge from WWTP
НЕЗАВИСИМ ПРЕГЛЕД НА
ПРОБЛЕМА ЗА ШИСТОВИЯ ГАЗ
Александър Садовски
INDEPENDENT REVIEW OF THE
SHALE GAS PROBLEM
Alexander Sadovski
Abstract: The
purpose of this paper is to make an independent review of
the evidence on the use of shale gas. The author was Deputy
Director General of the Environmental Research and
Information Centre of the Ministry of Environment in the
period 1987 -1992, and the head of the EU PHARE
Environmental sector programme. As a leading expert from the
Bulgarian side has participated in the development of the
Environmental Strategy of Bulgaria together with a team from
the World Bank and the U.S. Agency for Environmental
Protection. Author of the UDF Environment Programme (1991)
and he is convinced that NGOs, environmental clubs and other
social forces can play an important role with respect to the
active development of new environmental ethics and conduct
public control over the activities of executive power.
Simultaneously, it is necessary to take into account
scientific evidences and new scientific and technical
developments in other countries.
Key words: Energy, Shale Gas, Environmental Protection.
ИНДУСТРИАЛНО ТЕРАФОРМИРАНЕ
НА ПЛАНЕТАТА С ПОЛЗВАНЕ НА ХИМИЧЕСКИ ИЗТОЧНИЦИ НА ЕНЕРГИЯ
(НЕФТ, ГАЗ, ШИСТОВ ГАЗ, ВЪГЛИЩА И ДЪРВА)
Олег Витов
INDUSTRIAL TERRAFORMING OF
THE PLANET DUE TO USING OF CHEMICAL SOURCES OF ENERGY
(OIL, SHALE GAS, COAL, AND WOOD)
Oleg Vitov
Abstract: Results
from geometrical and physical modeling of expected changes
of the Earth after entire melting of the continental
glaciers due to global warming are presented here. It is
obtained raising the level of the ocean with +72 m, slowing
of the speed of rotation of the Earth with 2 sec per
twenty-four hours, absorbing by the crust of potential
energy equivalent to 16,3.109 [Kt] trotyl equivalent. That
energy is 21000 times more than the energy enough to tear
the Earth crust. Variants of the changes depending on
different speed of melting of the glaciers are discussed.
Solutions to limit the damage by use of non-chemical energy
are offered. It is concluded that to improve the chances of
survival of civilization and the planet is necessary to
develop nuclear and thermonuclear power and achieve massive
reforestation of the planet. Evidence for the occurring of
such processes in the geological history of the Earth are
specified.
Key words: global warming, level of the ocean, the rotation
speed of the Earth