Ц. Тенева, Д.
Бешкова, А. Марчев, М. Николова, Г. Френгова, А.
Павлов
4-11
Й. Глухчева, Е.
Попова, В. Атанасов, И. Владов
12-17
II.
Екомониторинг
Р. Кънчева, Г.
Георгиев, Д. Борисова
24-33
Р. Кънчева, Д.
Борисова. Г. Георгиев
34-43
Романовская
В.А., Гладка Г.В., Таширев А.Б.
44-49
III.
Екологични биотехнологии
И.
Йотинов, М. Белухова, И. Шнайдер, Я. Топалова
50-61
Н.
Китиджотес
62-68
IV. Агроекологични системи
В. Берикашвили, Т.
Йохаридзе, Е. Качлишвили, Т.
Хардзиани, Д. Денчев, В. Елисашвили
69-74
GERANIUM SANGUINEUM L. – АЛТЕРНАТИВЕН ИЗТОЧНИК ЗА
ИЗОЛИРАНЕ НА МЛЕЧНОКИСЕЛИ БАКТЕРИИ
Abstract. In recent years it was
observed a trend for
increased interest in
lactic acid bacteria (LAB), isolated from non-dairy environment due to their diverse
metabolic profile and unique flavor-forming
activities. Looking for new solutions
to improve starter
systems for healthy fermented foods
and to expand
opportunities for
maximum utilization of biological
potential of LAB, results in the idea of exploiting biodiversity of the unique natural
bio-systems (medicinal plants). After
large-scale screening of 300 microbial isolates
(obtained from different parts of Geranium
sanguineum L.) based on coagulation of milk, gas
formation and non-specific odour and
succeeding multiple transfer and growth in MRS and M17
selective media were isolated 169 single bacterial
colonies. By differentiating tests were selected
Keywords: Geranium
sanguineum L., lactic acid bacteria, isolation,
screening
АНТИБАКТЕРИАЛНАТА
АКТИВНОСТ НА ЗРЯЛ И ЗЕЛЕН ЛУК
А. Кирилов, А. Дойчева, Г. Сачанска
Antibacterial activity
of mature and green Allium
cepa
Kirilov A., Doycheva A. and G. Satchanska
Abstract: Antibacterial in vitro activity
of white (bulb), red (bulb) and spring (bulb and leafs) onion towards
the Gram-negative Escherichia
coli 8752 and the Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis
8751 was investigated. Mature onion samples were purchased
from a big supermarket while the green onion was organically
grown. Experiments were performed via agar well
diffusion method. Samples were separately homogenized with a
blender until reaching fine paste. 0.1 mL of the test
bacteria at concentration 1x109 CFU/mL were
inoculated on the nutrient agar. The onion paste (0.25 g)
was loaded in aseptically perforated in the agar wells with
a diameter 9 mm. The petries were cultivated at 37o C for 24
hours and further the sterile zones around the wells were
measured. Our results revealed that the white and red onion
bulbs were active against Gram–positive bacteria showing 27
mm and 25 mm inhibition zone and displayed weak activity
towards Gram-negative bacteria. Green onion bulbs and leafs
did not inhibited the growth of B. subtilis and E. coli. The
highest inhibition grade was registered for the white
variety of Allium
cepa.
Key words: antibacterial activity, medicinal plants, Allium cepa; mature onion, green onion
ВЛИЯНИЕ
НА ТРЕТИРАНЕТО С КОБАЛТОВ ХЛОРИД ВЪРХУ МЕТАБОЛИЗМА
НА ЖЕЛЯЗО ПРИ ПОЛОВО НЕЗРЕЛИ МИШКИ
COBALT CHLORIDE TREATMENT AND IRON
METABOLISM IN IMMATURE MICE
Y. Gluhcheva, E. Pavlova, V. Atanasov, I. Vladov
Abstract. Although cobalt is an essential trace element,
it is toxic in high concentrations. Long-term exposure to
cobalt chloride (CoCl2) significantly increases
Co(II) ions in blood serum, spleen and liver of treated immature
mice compared to controls and induces changes in the iron (Fe) content.
Spleen and liver show different sensitivity to Co(II)
administration but increase iron storage. The three
experimental groups of immature mice – day 18-, 25- and 30,
used in the experimental design, show different sensitivity
to the metal. This suggests that the stage of development is
also an important marker that should be considered.
Key words: cobalt chloride, iron
metabolism, immature mice, liver, spleen
СПЕКТРАЛЕН
ПОДХОД ЗА ОЦЕНКА НА ЗЕМЕДЕЛСКА РАСТИТЕЛНОСТ ПРИ
СТРЕСОВИ УСЛОВИЯ НА ОТГЛЕЖДАНЕ
SPECTRALLY-BASED APPROACH TO EVALUATING
CROP PERFORMANCE UNDER STRESS GROWING CONDITIONS
Rumiana Kancheva, Georgi Georgiev, Denitsa Borisova
Abstract. Recent developments in
environmental studies are greatly related to ecological
problems arising from anthropogenic impacts on the biosphere
and especially on vegetation. The interrelated nature of
many environmental issues imposes the necessity to conduct
interdisciplinary research and implement different
approaches, to integrate the acquired data and share
information between different databases. Remote sensing
provides advanced monitoring and alerting techniques, timely
information extraction, modeling and forecasting
possibilities used for solutions of important environmental
problems we are confronted with. Such worldwide pressing
concerns are natural resources management, ecosystem
preservation and biodiversity conservation. Remote sensing
technologies make use of land cover spectral features for
detecting and assessing changes associated with
environmental conditions. In this paper, we investigate and
analyze the relationship between growth variables and
spectral response of agricultural species under stress
growing conditions (heavy metal pollution, nutrient
deficiency and soil acidity). Multispectral data obtained
from ground-based spectroradiometric measurements are
examined in terms of the ability to serve as an indicator of
crop performance.
Keywords: remote sensing, spectral characteristics, growth
variables, stress detection, nutrient deficiency, heavy
metals
ОЦЕНКА
НА ХЛОРОФИЛНОТО СЪДЪРЖАНИЕ И УСТАНОВЯВАНЕ НА СТРЕС
ПО ОПТИЧНИТЕ СВОЙСТВА НА РАСТИТЕЛНОСТ
CHLOROPHYLL
ASSESSMENT AND STRESS DETECTION FROM VEGETATION OPTICAL PROPERTIES
Rumiana Kancheva, Denitsa Borisova, Georgi Georgiev
Abstract. Vegetation monitoring is
one of the essential applications of remote sensing.
Regarding agricultural lands, a primary goal is
crop state assessment throughout the growing season. Remote
sensing techniques make use of multispectral data to
estimate plant biophysical and biochemical characteristics
by implementing quantitative relationships between crop
growth variables and spectral properties. Chlorophyll is a key biochemical component that is responsible for photosynthesis and is a
physiological indicator of plant condition. Changes
in plant pigment
content can be used to assess
the impact of environmental stresses. In
this paper, we present results from ground-based
spectrometry studies of the spectral behaviour of
agricultural species in relation to varying chlorophyll.
Multispectral data were analyzed to reveal the performance
of different spectral indicators for chlorophyll estimation.
Reflectance factors, vegetation indices, red edge shift,
transmittance spectra, chromaticity features and
fluorescence parameters were related to chlorophyll content
and the statistical significance of plant spectral response
to chlorophyll variations was examined. High correlations
were observed and empirical relationships derived linking
plant optical properties and chlorophyll content. These
relationships were used for plant stress diagnosis
in terms of chlorophyll
synthesis inhibition.
Keywords: remote sensing, plant
reflectance, vegetation indices,
red edge, fluorescence, chlorophyll,
stress detection.
АУТЕКОЛОГИЯ НА МИКРООРГАНИЗМИ ОТ КРАЙБРЕЖНИТЕ ЕКОСИСТЕМИ НА МЪРТВО МОРЕ
Романовская В.А., Гладка Г.В., Таширев А.Б.AUTECOLOGY
OF
MICROORGANISMS OF COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS OF THE
Victoria Romanovskaya, Galina Gladka,
Oleksandr Tashyrev
Abstract.. From coastal ecosystems of the Dead Sea (vertical steep gorge around of the
Keywords: extremophilic bacteria,
ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ НА НАНОДИАМАНТИТЕ ВЪВ ВОДОПРЕЧИСТВАТЕЛНИТЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ
Ивайло Йотинов, Михаела Белухова, Ирина Шнайдер, Яна ТопаловаApplication
of NAnodiamonds
in Wastewater Treatment
Technologies
Ivaylo Yotinov,
Mihaela Belouhova, Irina Schneider,
Abstract: Nanotechnology
is a rapidly developing scientific area and nanoproducts continually
increase their use. Thus, they become the subject of more
research. Nanodiamonds (NDs) are
a class of nanomaterials which attracted worldwide attention with high biocompatibility,
non-toxicity and many opportunities for surface chemical
interactions. Furthermore, the
surface functional groups on NDs can be easily adapted so
that they exhibit valuable chemical, physical and
biological properties. This article discusses the main
characteristics of the NDs, with their potential use in
stimulation, indication and monitoring of the wastewater
treatment and biodegradation processes.
Key words: amaranth, biological wastewater treatment,
enzyme activity, nanodiamonds, waters
СИНИТЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ЗА УСТОЙЧИВИ ГРАДСКИ И КРАЙБРЕЖНИ РАЙОНИ
Николас Китиджотес
BLUE TECHNOLOGY TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE URBAN AND COASTAL DEVELOPMENTNicholas Kathijotes
Abstract. The
aim
of Blue Economy models are to shift society from scarcity
to abundance –based on what we have, and to start tackling
issues that cause environmental and related problems
through new and novel ways. Some major factors that cause
ecological alterations to coastal and surface waters and
contribute to nutrient inputs include, in no special
order, municipal wastewater and storm water discharges;
combined sewer overflows; other urban runoff; agricultural
runoff; aquacultures, and various others. The issue of
nutrient input due to aquaculture, being a serious input
source in developing countries is emphasized together with
actual measurements and control techniques applied in EU.
Other key issues in coastal and aquaculture environments
including Coastal Tourism, Marine Renewable Energy, Blue
Biotechnology and Spatial Planning are presented within
the scope of blue economy principle and thus suggesting
novel actual management techniques.
Keywords: Blue economy, nutrients, fisheries,
sustainability, tourism, biotechnology.
ЛИГНОЦЕЛУЛОЛИТИЧЕН
ПОТЕНЦИАЛ НА ДЪРВЕСНИ
ГЪБИ ПРИ ТВЪРДОФАЗНА ФЕРМЕНТАЦИЯ НА ПШЕНИЧНА СЛАМА
Виолета Берикашвили, Тина
Йохаридзе, Ева Качлишвили, Тамар Хардзиани,
THE COMPARISON OF WHITE-ROT BASIDIOMYCETES LIGNOCELLULOLYTIC POTENTIAL IN WHEAT STRAW SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION
Violeta
Berikashvili, Tina Jokharidze, Eva Kachlishvili, Tamar
Khardziani, Dencho Denchev, Vladimir Elisashvili
Abstract: In the present study, a screening of 12 white-rot basidiomycetes has been carried out to evaluate their potential to deconstruct cellulose and lignin in solid-state fermentation (SSF) of wheat straw. The degradation patterns of cellulose and lignin in wheat straw by tested fungi differed significantly. Among them, Cerrena unicolor, Trametes hirsutus 68, and Tsalka 5 were able to remove lignin slightly preferentially and faster than cellulose during 12 days of fermentation and are appropriate candidates for biological pretreatment of wheat straw. Evaluation of the tested fungi cellulases and ligninases activities revealed that the cellulose and lignin degradation not always directly correlates with the production of enzymes.
Key words: white-rot
basidiomycetes, wheat straw, cellulose and lignin
degradation, cellulase, laccase, manganese peroxidase