CONTENTS
Editor's comment
H. Najdenski 3-4
I.
MICROORGANISMS AND ENVIRONMENT
Jean-Yves Trosset, Sami Tliba, Ali El Ati,
Hela Friha, Estelle Mogensen, Jawher Kahouli, Robin
Lacombe, Ouerdia Arkoun, Sette Diop, Rodrigo
Ledesma-Amaro, Islam Boussaada
5-13
II.
BIOAUTOMATICS
AND BIOINFORMATICS
Jérôme Harmand
14-22
Maobo Hu, Haoping Wang, Yang Tian, Nicolai Christov, Ivan Simeonov
Jefirstson Richset Riwukore, Fellyanus Habaora 39-47
Iva Ivanova, Iliyana Gigova, Temenuzhka Spassova, Nataliya Stankova 53-58
Zheko Radev 59-66
Vladimir Ilinkin 67- 74
Laboratory experiments and mathematical modelling of anaerobic digestion of organic wastes in a cascade of two bioreactors
I.
Simeonov 75-82
VII. ECOLOGICAL FORUMS
Sixth International Conference with Youth Scientific Session ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING and ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION (EEEP'2019)
5-7
June 2019, Burgas, Bulgaria
83-84
doi.org/10.32006/eeep.2019.2.0513
INFLUENCE OF
MICRO-ENVIRONMENT ON YEAST POPULATION DYNAMICS
Jean-Yves Trosset1,
Sami Tliba2, Ali El Ati3, Hela Friha3,
Estelle Mogensen1, Jawher Kahouli6,
Robin Lacombe6, Ouerdia Arkoun1, Sette
Diop2, Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro4, Islam
Boussaada5
1 Sup’Biotech 66 rue Guy Môquet
F-94800 Villejuif, France.
2 L2S CNRS – CentraleSupélec –
UniversitéParis-Sud - Université Paris-Saclay 3 rue Joliot
Curie 91192 Gif Sur Yvette cedex, France.
3 IPSA 63 Boulevard de Brandebourg
94200 Ivry sur Seine, France.
4 Centre for Synthetic Biology and
Department of Bioengineering Imperial College London,
London, UK.
5 L2S and INRIA Saclay, Équipe Disco
and on live from IPSA.
6 with both Sup’Biotech and IPSA.
Keywords: Yeast; Population dynamics; Modeling;
Identification
doi.org/10.32006/eeep.2019.2.1422
CONTRIBUTION OF
MODELING FOR A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF
MICROBIAL ECOSYSTEMS
Jérôme Harmand
Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l’Environnement,LBE,
11100 Narbonne, France
Abstract. This paper aims at presenting how a number of recent modeling approaches can be used for better
understanding microbial ecosystems dynamics. In
first part, an important question – the ability of certain
ecosystems to exhibit overyielding – is investigated using a
model-based approach. It is shown that classical competition
theory cannot explain such phenomenon, thus invalidating a
large class of classical mass-balance-based models, Rapaport
et al., 2019. In second part, we show how new
combinatorial approaches can be used to find the best
combination of species of a functional ecosystem with
limited complexity. More precisely classification approaches inpired from the work by Jaillard et al.,
2018 are used and illustrated with simulations. Their
robustness with respect to a number of experimental
parameters (investigated in simulation) is studied. For
ecosystems with higher richness, we show how another
probablilistic approach proposed by Jaillard et al.,
2014 may be useful.
Keywords: Modeling,
microbial ecosystems, microbial interactions, mathematical
ecology, diversity, community assemblage.
doi.org/10.32006/eeep.2019.2.2328ON THE
EXTREMUM-SEEKING CONTROL DESIGN AND APPLICATION FOR
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION PROCESSES
Maobo
Hu1, Haoping Wang1, Yang Tian1,
Nicolai Christov2 and Ivan Simeonov3
1LaFCAS
Laboratory, Automation School, Nanjing University of Science
and Technology, 200 Xiao Ling Wei St, 210094 Nanjing, China.
2LaFCAS
Laboratory, CRISTAL Research Center, Lille University, 59655
Villeneuve d’Ascq France.
3 The Stephan.Angeloff Institute of
Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G.
Bonchev St, bl. 26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Abstract: The paper deals with the
optimization of nonlinear systems by using Extremum Seeking
Control (ESC) without any prior knowledge of the system
model. An Extend Kalman Filter based Extremum Seeking
Control (EKF based ESC) is proposed, which can make the
amplitude of perturbation signal variable and ensure
convergence to zero, i.e. without steady-state oscillation.
The proposed ESC algorithm makes also possible to obtain
more accurate gradient estimate and more rapid ESC
convergence. The proposed EKF based ESC algorithm is applied
to a fifth-order model of anaerobic digestion process and
its performances are compared with the performances of the
classical ESC algorithm.
Key
Words: ESC, EKF, steady state
oscillation, anaerobic digestion processes
doi.org/10.32006/eeep.2019.2.2938
ROBUST CONTROL AND STATE ESTIMATION OF A
THREE-STAGE ANAEROBIC DIGESTION PROCESS
Samia
Semcheddine, Hanane Bouchareb
Abstract:
The production
of biogas via an anaerobic fermentation process
is very interesting for various reasons: it not
only produces renewable energy, but also
facilitates the disposal of organic waste,
therefore it preserves the environment, it contributes to the resolution of
energy problems in agriculture and agro industry, it’s
available for everyone because the waste is available
everywhere. This process takes place in continuously stirred
tank bioreactor and is described by a highly nonlinear model
whose parameters are often uncertain thereby requiring
robust control in any process performance enhancement
procedure to optimize the biogas production. Thus a robust
control technique, synergetic, is proposed to improve the
settling time in a fermentation based biogas production in a
simulation study; the simulation study is carried out on
biotechnological process described by a five-order
continuous-time reaction scheme described by three stages.
An extended Luenberger observer is proposed under synergetic
control to observe the different concentrations because of
the high-cost and unavailable measurement instrumentation.
The
interest of paper lies in controlling the amount of bio
methane produced and the observation of all the states of
the system (5 different populations of the complex community
of bacteria and substrate concentrations acting during
anaerobic digestion (AD) processes) by simply measuring the
biogas produced. The monitoring, controller and observer
performance are evaluated via numerical simulations showing
excellent responses under the influence of control input.
Key
doi.org/10.32006/eeep.2019.2.3947
REVOLUTIONARY
CONCEPT OF GARBAGE HANDLING IN KOTA KUPANG, INDONESIA
Jefirstson Richset Riwukore1,
Fellyanus Habaora2
1 Indo Global Mandiri University
Jalan Jenderal Sudirman No.629 Palembang, Postal Code
30129, Indonesia.
2 Faculty of Animal Sciences,
Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia.
Abstract: The potential for garbage production will
continue to increase along with the population growth rate
and behavior patterns of human life. If not handled
properly, it will have an impact on changes in negative
benefits due to pollution from garbage. Kota Kupang is an
area that has not been well managed about its garbage
management. Therefore, scientific reviews are needed so that
maximum changes occur in handling garbage in Kota Kupang.
For this reason, research has been carried out using
descriptive methods, then were analyzed qualitatively and
quantitatively using secondary data. This research was
conducted for two months (November-December 2018), and
preparation of reports is carried out by stages of research,
namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation,
and conclusion drawing. The results of the research indicate that
garbage management must be carried out changes of
fundamental by considering to changes in household
behavior in handling garbage, sustainability of the
perspective on garbage as a useful material that starts
from world of education, changes conventional methods of
handling garbage in Cleaning and Living Environment
Office of Kota Kupang, and a revolutionary perspective
on garbage is needed, from useless materials to be
useful materials for the economy.
Keywords: revolutionary concept,
handling garbage, Kota Kupang
doi.org/10.32006/eeep.2019.2.4852
THE EDUCATIONAL PLATFORM OF
CABARET PROJECT (WP7)
Boyko Ranguelov1, Fathimath Shadiya2,
Fathimath Nistharan2, Mariyam Humra2,
Mariyam Eeman2, Mohamed Haikal Ibrahim2
1Sofia
University of Mining and Geology „St. Ivan Rilski” Faculty
of Geology, Department of General and Applied Geophysics 1,
Prof. Boyan Kamenov Str., Room 611, 1700 Sofia, Bulgaria.
2Faculty of Engineering, Science
& Technology Maldives National University Male,
Maldives.
-
The international
bilateral cooperation between MGU and MNU is
established in the frame of the co-chairmanship of the
WP7 – CABARET Project.
-
Project is displayed
including educational platform development and MOOC’s
skeleton and schedule.
-
First results of
MOOC’s are available. Educational platform includes
curriculum of Philippines for De La Sale University
(DLSU) and Ateneo De Manila University (ADMU).
-
New concept for
the further development of the structure of the
Educational Platform (EP) of the CABARET Projects is
proposed. Intended international cooperation among
participants of the Project is an essential topic
for the coastal resilience educational platform
development.
Keywords: Educational
Platform, new concept, hazards, warnings.
doi.org/10.32006/eeep.2019.2.5358DURANKULAK LAKE ACTUAL STATE AND MONITORING USING SENTINEL 2 SATELLITE DATA
Iva Ivanova, Iliyana Gigova, Temenuzhka Spassova, Nataliya Stankova
Space Research and Technology Institute at the
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Acad. G. Bonchev str, Bl. 1,
315 Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
Abstract: Durankulak Lake is one of the most important
wetlands in Bulgaria and Europe. It is included in the
Ramsar Convention and it is recognized as an important
bird area of world importance. The subject of protection
within the protected zone is the condition of the natural
habitats and the habitats of the species, including the
natural species composition, the typical species and the
conditions of the environment. Remote sensing methods
provide opportunities for characterization and monitoring
of the wetland on various scales that have not been done
so far. In the present study satellite multispectral
images from the European Union Copernicus Satellite
program, Sentinel 2 are used, for assessing and monitoring
of the actual state of the lake. Based on these satellite
images, the boundaries of the protected wetland are
derived. An index classification of the wetland was made.
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is used to
classify sites within the protected area. Sentinel-2
satellite data to implement the orthogonal transformation
model called Tasseled Cap Transformation (TCT) has also
been used. The model is an effective method for
classifying and analyzing of the processes related to the
dynamics of changes, affecting the main components of the
earth's surface: soil, water and vegetation. The spring
survey of 2019 was selected for the present study. The
results will show successful mapping and monitoring of the
wetland, which will give a real idea of the state of the
Durankulak Lake and the need to take conservation measures
to protect it.
Key words: monitoring, satellite data, wetlands, habitats
doi.org/10.32006/eeep.2019.2.5966
POLLEN GIVING PLANTS VISITED BY
THE HONEY BEE (APIS
MELLIFERA L.)
Zheko Radev
Cosmocert S.A., Bul. Bulgaria No49À, Sofia
1404
Absract: The
analysis of the honey plants in the area of apiculture is
very important about the development, reproduction and
productivity of bee colonies. The knowledge of the floral specialization of Apis mellifera L.
is main point for good beekeeping practices. The bees have
visited 46 species of honey plants from 41 genera and 22
families. The honey bees prefer to collect pollen from 2 to
5-6 plant species during every single month. Bees mainly collect pollen from
two or three plants every month. The agricultural
species Brassica
napus as well as the meadow flora- Ñentaurea solstitialis and Centaurea cyanus are the most visited honey plants during their
flowering. Bees prefer to collect pollen from 16 plants
out of 46 visited taxons. Not all plants in the area serve
as a source of pollen for the bees. The greatest amount of
collected pollen comes from Brassica napus-
3798.69 g. The visited cultivated honey taxons are around
22% but about 56.5% of the total amount collected pollen.
Around 78% of the visited plants are common natural as well
as about 43.5% of the total amount collected pollen.
Key words: honey bee, honey plants, pollen, pollen traps,
melissopalynologia, specialization
doi.org/10.32006/eeep.2019.2.6774
GERMINATION OF TANACETUM
CINERARIIFOLIUM SEEDS ON DIFFERENT SOIL TYPES
Vladimir Ilinkin
Institute
of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research - Bulgarian Academy
of Sciences 23, Georgi Bonchev Str. Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria.
Abstract: Tanacetum cinerariifolium (Trevir.) Sch. Bip. is a species of great economic importance because
it contains Pyrethrins – natural insecticides with the
potential to be the ideal means for pest control. Soil
samples from different soil types (Skeletic Fluvisols, Rendzic
Leptosol, Luvic Chernozem, Chromic Luvisols, Dystric-Eutric
Cambisol, Pellic Vertisols) have been studied in order to determine the
physicochemical soil indicators and the regressions between
the soil characteristics and seed germination. Four hundred
seeds (4õ100) were planted in each soil type (in pots) under controlled conditions. Reliable
statistically significant regressions, both negative (bulk density, sand fraction, available
phosphorus) and positive (total porosity, silt and clay fractions, pH(H2O), CaCO3,
TKN, SOM) with regard to seed germination have been
established. The seeds planted in Rendzic Leptosol have shown the highest germination percentage,
and the ones planted in Skeletic Fluvisols have shown the lowest germination percentage.
Key words: Pyrethrum cinerariifolium Trev.,
Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium Bocc, seed germination,
soil.
LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS AND MATHEMATICAL MODELLING
OF ANAEROBIC DIGESTION
OF ORGANIC WASTES IN A CASCADE OF TWO BIOREACTORS
Ivan Simeonov
Abstract.
Anaerobic digestion processes have
been investigated in a cascade of two bioreactors,
constructed and fulfilled at
the Institute of Microbiology of the Bulgarian Academy of
Sciences. The first
one is a 2 L working volume bioreactor and the 2nd
one – 12 L. A
mixture of activated sludge from the Municipal Waste
Waters Treatment Plant and
milk whey has been digested in a continuous operation
type, measuring the
biogas flow rates and COD of the effluents of each
bioreactor. With a double
increase
in the dilution rate for the first BR (D1),
the
daily biogas yield of BR1 (Q1)
increases about twice,
and that of BR2 (Q2) does not change
(which is also
normal given the small value of D2). The
decrease of CODtotal
at the output of BR2 compared to that of BR1 is
1.5 times, and that
of CODsoluble 3 times.
A
mathematical model has been developed on the basis of a
mass balance of the
input – output flows for this cascade of two anaerobic
bioreactors. Simulation
studies have been performed using Simulink of Matlab.
Keywords:
anaerobic digestion, cascade of two
bioreactors, laboratory experiments, activated sludge,
milk whey, biogas flow
rate, COD, mathematical model, simulation