ИЗГРАЖДАНЕ НА ЕЛЕКТРИЧЕСКА ИНФРАСТРУКТУРА В БЛИЗОСТ ДО МЕСТООБИТАНИЯ НА ЗАЩИТЕНИ ВИДОВЕ ПТИЦИ – 
ЧАСТ I. ОСНОВНИ ЗНАНИЯ И ТЕРМИНОЛОГИЯ

Георги Стоилов, Никола Николов, Димо Стоилов

CONSTRUCTION OF ELECTRICAL INFRASTRUCTURE NEAR THE HABITATS OF PROTECTED BIRD SPECIES –
PART I. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS AND TERMINOLOGY

Georgi Stoilov, Nikola Nikolov, Dimo Stoilov

Abstract: This article is the first in a series dedicated to the problems in our country on building and securing electrical infrastructure near the habitats of protected bird species. It provides basic knowledge and terminology in connection with possible injuries and damage to birds as a result of the impact of electrical infrastructure, as well as the reasons for the practices in our country and around the world for securing of it. As a result of the considerations it is concluded that the available data in our country on the effectiveness of various security measures is insufficient and therefore it is not possible to provide an objective assessment. Therefore, it is proposed to implement pilot projects under each measure, through which to accumulate empirical data for the objectively necessary analysis.

Keywords: electrical infrastructure, electrical power lines, securing, impacts on birds

ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА НА ПРОМИШЛЕН ПРОДУКТ ОТ „ДЕВНЯ ЦИМЕНТ“ АД ЗА РЕМЕДИАЦИЯ НА КИСЕЛИ ПОЧВИ

Светла Маринова, Елена Златарева, Мартин Банов, Николас Катиджотес

CHARACTERISTICS OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCT FROM “DEVNYA CEMENT” AD FOR REMEDIATION OF ACID SOILS

Svetla Marinova, Elena Zlatareva, Martin Banov, Nicholas Kathijotes

Abstract. Soil acidity is one of the main problems of soil chemistry, as the soil adsorbent is composed entirely of acids with insoluble anions, different in composition and strength, etc. acidoid. The issues of acidity and liming of soils were raised in Bulgaria more than 60-70 years ago. “Devnya Cement”AD produces the Restart product, as an integral part of the process in the installation of cement clinker in a dry way and contains a high amount of calcium oxide /lime material/. The aim of the study is to characterize and evaluate the industrial flow Restart including agrochemical, chemical and physico - chemical indicators. The product was found to have a high neutralizing ability. It is a fast-acting and effective ameliorant, has the necessary qualities and its effect as an ameliorant on acid soils can be studied.

Keywords: ameliorant, characteristics, neutralizing ability

 

ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ЗАМЪРСЯВАНЕТО С ТЕЖКИ МЕТАЛИ ВЪРХУ ПОЧВЕНИТЕ МИКРООРГАНИЗМИ В УРБОЦЕНОЗА

Бойка Малчева

INFLUENCE OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION ON SOIL MICROORGANISMS IN URBOCENOSIS

Boyka Malcheva

Abstract: Urbogenic soils from the region of Kardzhali municipality with high concentrations of heavy metals – Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn were studied. The main share in the composition of total microflora is occupied by non-spore-forming bacteria and bacilli, which are most actively involved in the initial stages of self-cleaning of soils from heavy metals and the destruction of organic matter. Actinomycetes and micromycetes are most strongly suppressed by contamination with the studied trace elements. The incidence of pigmented microbes, as a protective mechanism against external chronic stress conditions, is highest in the most contaminated soils. No correlation was found between the content of heavy metals and the total microflora, which again confirms the adaptability of microbes to long-term soil contamination with heavy metals, as well as their self-cleaning capabilities.

Keywords: urbogenic soils, heavy metals, microorganisms

ИЗСЛЕДВАНЕ НА ХУМУСНО-КАРБОНАТНИ ПОЧВИ В ЗАПАДНИ РОДОПИ

Симеон Богданов

INVESTIGATION ON HUMUS-CARBONATE SOILS IN THE WESTERN RHODOPE MOUNTAINS

Simeon Bogdanov

Abstract. In Bulgarian soil system and in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB), Humus-Carbonate soils (Rendzinas) are primitive soils (Leptosols) formed on calcareous rocks. The paper presents results from study on Rendzinas in the Western Rhodope Mountains. The soils are situated in the Middle forest vegetation zone (700 – 2000 m a. s. l.) of the Tracian forest vegetation area. The factors of soil formation and the soil properties have been analyzed. Soil fertility was determined on the base of soil depth, content of humus, total N, soil available water, pH, bulk density (Q), ratio C/N and soil texture. The bonitet of stands and the composition of tree species have been used as indicators of the soil silvicultural effect. Conformity between soil properties and vegetation development has been established.

Keywords: humus-carbonate soils, factors of soil formation, soil properties, vegetation development.

ОПИТ ЗА АНАЛИЗ НА ВАРИРАНЕТО НА МОРФОЛОГИЧНИТЕ ПРИЗНАЦИ НА ИНДИВИДИТЕ В ПОПУЛАЦИИ ОТ IMPATIENS GLANDULIFERA ROYLE

Мира Л. Георгиева, Пламен Глогов

AN ATTEMPT TO ANALYZE THE VARIATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS OF INDIVIDUALS IN POPULATIONS OF IMPATIENS GLANDULIFERA ROYLE

Mira L. Georgieva, Plamen Glogov

Abstract: Changes in the morphology of invasive alien species (IAS) can serve as an indicator of the dynamics of their populations and ecological conditions in their habitats. The subject of the present study is the one-year IAS Impatiens glandulifera Royle, whose morphology and phenotypic variability are still relatively poorly studied. In the period August-September, 2020 the morphological characteristics of the populations of I. glandulifera in 6 permanent sample plots (PSP) were studied. The following morphological features were measured in each PSP in a random sample of 30 mature individuals: Length of seed pod, Number of seeds per seed pod, Number of developed (fertile) seeds per seed pod, Number of undeveloped (sterile) seeds per seed pod, Weight of developed seeds, Average weight of one fertile seed, Stem height, Number of blooming flowers, Number of flower buds. The results of the analysis of variance show that the variation of all morphological features by sample plots (separate localities) is statistically significant. The “Fanny” cluster analysis classified the observations by sum of morphological features into three cluster groups and highlighted the height of the stem as a morphological feature that could serve as an indicator for monitoring studies of changes in the morphology of populations of I. glandulifera and with the characteristics of the habitat.

Keywords: variability, morphology, invasive alien species, Impatiens glandulifera.

СЪДЪРЖАНИЕ НА УРАН В МИНЕРАЛНИ ВОДИ ОТ БЪЛГАРИЯ

Елена Гелева, Димитър Тонев, Христо Протохристов

URANIUM CONTENT IN MINERAL WATER FROM BULGARIA

Elena Geleva, Dimitar Tonev, Hristo Protohristov

Abstract: The uranium content of 41 mineral water samples from different districts in Bulgaria was determined. The results show that the concentrations range from ˂ 3.0 µg/L to 860 µg/L.
Due to differences in the geological structure of the aquifer, a large difference in values of the radioactive content was observed. The estimated total indicative dose (TID) ranged from 2.5 µSv/y to 706 µSv/y. Except one value, TID do not exceed the permissible limit of 100 µSv/year.
The obtained new results are used to assess the radiological status of the investigated waters. They will support timely and adequate measures to reduce the harmful impact of ionizing radiation on the population in cases of increased radioactivity.

Keywords: Mineral water, uranium, total indicatice dose.

ЦИКЛОТРОНЕН ЦЕНТЪР ПРИ ИНСТИТУТА ЗА ЯДРЕНИ ИЗСЛЕДВАНИЯ И ЯДРЕНА ЕНЕРГЕТИКА ПРИ БЪЛГАРСКАТА АКАДЕМИЯ НА НАУКИТЕ

Добромир Т. Димитров, Ангел Демерджиев, Велислава Н. Павлова, Мариам-Рима Шехади, Галина Д. Димитрова, Николай Гутев, Димитър Тонев

CYCLOTRON CENTER AT THE INSTITUTE FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH AND NUCLEAR ENERGY AT THE BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Dobromir T. Dimitrov, Anguel Demerdjiev, Velislava N. Pavlova, Mariam-Rima Shehadi, Galina D. Dimitrova, Nikolai Goutev, Dimitar Tonev

Abstract: The Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences is working on the construction of a National Cyclotron Center. Various fields of science will be the subject of research interest, such as: radiobiology, nuclear physics, nuclear energy, as well as the production of radioisotopes and radiopharmaceuticals for the purposes of nuclear medicine. When creating a new accelerator complex, it is crucial to select the necessary team of qualified personnel. The publication shows that the activity of human resources is an important part of achieving the planned levels of organizational structure, with a clear hierarchy of management of the cyclotron center. A summary of the results obtained so far from the analysis of the radiation protection of the facility through Monte Carlo simulations is made.

Keywords: cyclotron TR-24, medical radioisotopes, human resources, radiation protection.

40 ГОДИНИ OT КОСМИЧЕСКАТА ПРОГРАМА „БЪЛГАРИЯ-1300“

Таня Иванова

40^TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE SPACE PROGRAM „BULGARIA-1300“

Tania Ivanova

Abstract: One of the most important Bulgarian scientific achievements in the space research was the "Bulgaria-1300" program, realized in 1981 in honor of the 1300th anniversary of the founding of our country, including two research satellites. The first satellite "Interkosmos-Bulgaria-1300" was launched on 07.08.1981 into nearly polar orbit with an altitude of about 900 km with a complex of 11 Bulgarian scientific instruments for space plasma measurement and studying the ionosphere-magnetosphere interactions, as well as the laser reflector for geodetic measurements. The second satellite "Meteor-Priroda" with scientific instrumentation for remote sensing, developed with the participation of Bulgarian scientists, was launched on 10.07.1981 in 650 km sun-synchronous orbit. The scientific results from
the processed satellite information are world wide used and published up to now.

Keywords: Intercosmos program, "Bulgaria-1300" program,“Interkosmos-Bulgaria-1300” satellite, “Meteor-Priroda” satellite