I. Simeonov 3-4
I. MAN AND BIOSPHERE
Recognition of phenomena in the
atmosphere using data from MODIS
M. Dimitrova
5-8
Modeling groundwater flow in
heterogeneous soils in river terraces
S. Borissov
9-15
Land cover as an indicator for
environmental evaluation for ecotourism using GIS
technologies
E. Sarafova
16-21
Investigation of the changes in pH, redox potencial, free chlorous
and antimicrobial activity of ionized water (anolite) at
different storage conditions
M. Nikolova,
G. Gluhchev, S. Karadzhov, I. Hristoskova, N. Ivanov
22-26
II. TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEPOLUTION
Algorithm for application of complex preparation for bioaugmentation of composting
I. Schneider,
N. Saykova, Ts. Petrova, K. Todorova, A. Markov, N. Savov,
Ya. Topalova
27-34
Ts.
Parvanova-Mancheva, E. Vasileva, V.
Beschkov
35-39
Creation and management of a pilot plant
for composting of garden wastes
I. Schneider, A. Markov, I. Yotinov, N. Dinova, N. Savov, Ya. Topalova
40-48
III. RENEWABLE ENERGY AND BIOFUELS
Small wind energy conversion
systems
I. Bachev
49-62
IV. FOREST BIOLOGY
Growth and
survival of Picea Abies (l.)
Karst. provenances in Govedarci and Iasenkovo experimental stations
E. Nedkova
63-70
V. BIOAUTOMATICS
AND BIOINFORMATICS
Methodological problems in
simulation of the agro-ecosystems
A. Sadovski
71-76
RECOGNITION OF PHENOMENA IN THE ATMOSPHERE
USING DATA FROM MODIS
Maria
Dimitrova
MODELING GROUNDWATER FLOW IN
HETEROGENEOUS SOILS IN RIVER TERRACES
Svilen Borissov
Abstract. Protection of groundwater as a renewable
natural resource is related to its good knowledge –
knowledge of the dynamics of its flow, the dynamics of
pollution and self-purification. These are extremely complex
processes which in the recent years of rapid development of
computer technology have become more accessible for
modelling and due to this progress ever more realistic
groundwater flow and inlet pollutants 3D simulations have
become possible.
In this article an exemplary approach to
solving problems related to mathematical modelling of
groundwater flow in heterogeneous soils in river terraces
will be presented, the study being made for a particular
section of the Tundzha River valley. To meet this target a
GIS with a spatial database, field measurements and its own
software – calculation and visualization VISMAT based on
open source applications have been used.
Keywords: groundwater, modelling, GIS
applications, open source software
Land
Cover as an Indicator for Environmental Evaluation for
Ecotourism Using GIS Technologies
Evgenia
Sarafova
Abstract: In recent decades, satellite images
are widely used in such fields as agriculture, archeology,
infrastructure management, etc. Global trends lead to the
application of spatial data and analysis in more and more
sectors of the economy. The application of remote sensing in
ecotourism should be analyzed from two perspectives - on the
one hand the final product (in the form of digital or paper
map), obtained by using remote sensing images or GIS, is an
essential tool for communication with consumers of tourism
services, and on the other hand satellite images are an
important tool in the process of planning and management of
tourism infrastructure. The main objective of this report is
to examine the possibilities of land cover to serve as an
indicator in the study of ecotourism potential at
municipality level. It compares data from CORINE Land Cover
and the results from the classification and visual
interpretation of satellite images from Landsat 8 and
Landsat ETM + for the municipality of Kyustendil.
INVESTIGATION OF THE CHANGES IN pH, REDOX
POTENCIAL, FREE CHLOROUS
AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF IONIZED WATER
(ANOLITE) AT DIFFERENT STORAGE CONDITIONS
M. Nikolova, G. Gluhchev, S. Karadzhov,
I.
Hristoskova, N. Ivanov
Abstract. The anolyte, obtained during the
electrochemical activation of low mineralized water
solutions possesses a strong biocidal action due to its
physico-chemical characteristics. In this study the changes
in the parameters pH, ORP and the presence of active
chlorous during the time and at different storage conditions
of the anolyte were examined. The experiments showed their
stability and preservation of biocidal activity for a period
longer than 9 months.
Key words: ionized water, electrochemical activation,
anolyte, pH, ORP (Oxidation Reduction Potential), biocidal
effect
Algorithm for Application of complex
preparation for bioaugmentation of COMPOSTING
Abstract: The bioaugmentation of the transformation processes of solid wastes, including also composting as a
method for treatment of biodegradable wastes, mainly is
based on application of microbial and/or enzyme
lyophilized preparations. The technological algorithm for application of
preparations (method of use) determined to a large extent
the revitalization and
the activation
of microorganisms in the lyophilized preparations. The aim of this research is to investigate
the effect from modification of method of use for the
commercial product Compost
Plus on quantity and
activity of microorganisms in the course of composting in
pilot garden composters. The applied modification included
initial addition of glucose and extending the time for
microbial revitalization. This modification led to increase of total
microbial count, quantity of aerobic heterotrophic
microorganisms (including yeasts) and led to stimulation of
metabolic activity of the microbial community investigated
by the total aerobic dehydrogenase activity. The obtained
results are promising for initially accelerating the
biodegradation processes during composting.
Ts.I.
Parvanova-Mancheva,
E. Vasileva, V.
Beschkov
Abstract. The immobilization of disintegrated
cells of Pseudomonas denitrificans on polymeric supports was
carried out. The material for the fixing of the cells was
obtained by the copolymerization of acrylonitrile and
acrylamide in the form of porous granules with a diameter of
2 mm. The enzyme systems presented in the initial
immobilized cell are not isolated and purified. To monitor
the process of denitrification low nitrate concentrations
were used. It has been proven advantage of immobilized
acellular extracts to the free cells in the reduction
process of nitatnite ions.
Key words: denitrification,
immobilization,
Pseudomonas denitrificans
Creation and management Of a pilot plant for
composting of GARDEN wastes in Biological Faculty of Sofia
University
Irina Schneider, Antonio Markov, Ivaylo
Yotinov, Nora
Dinova, Nikolay Savov,
Yana Topalova
Abstract: The key aspects during creation and management
of a pilot plant for composting in the yard of Faculty of
Biology were discussed in the article. They included: i/
environmental aspects of composting as a low-waste
technology for garden waste utilization; ii/ technological
aspects related to equipments and technological parameters
of the process; iii/ ecological aspects of biological
systems carrying out the processes; iv/ management aspects
related to systems for control of raw materials, processes
and final product (compost); v/ educational aspects for
development of new professional skills and competences of
the students. The strengths and weaknesses during of the
pilot plant exploitation were analyzed as well as what are
the main threats and ways to overcome it using existing
opportunities.
Keywords: composting, control parameters, garden wastes
SMALL WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS
Ivan Bachev
Abstract: This paper presents a review of the
contemporary small wind energy conversion systems (WECS).
The different types of wind turbines are shown. A
classification of the small WECS by the type of their
electrical generator is made. The most typical topologies of
power electronic converters, used in small WECS are also
presented. The possibilities for building integration of
small wind turbines are examined.
Keywords: wind generators, wind turbines, small wind
energy conversion systems, WECS, power electronic
converters.
GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF PICEA
ABIES (L.)
KARST. PROVENANCES IN GOVEDARCI AND IASENKOVO EXPERIMENTAL
STATIONS
Elena Nedkova
Abstract: The aim of this study is to
assess the survival and diameter growth at age 39 of 18
Norway spruce provenances in two experimental stations, with
provenances from the native range of the species in Bulgaria
from the following mountains: The Rhodopes, Rila, Pirin,
Vitosha and Stara Planina.
One being situated near
Govedarci village at 1250 m a.s.l. alongside a
spruce-fir forest, the other outside of the native range of
the Norway spruce close to Iasenkovo village near Shumen at
450 m a.s.l.
The analysis
established that most provenances show good adaptability to
the conditions in Iasenkovo where they have an overall good
growth and survival, not very different from that in
Govedarci.
The best performing
provenances regarding DBH are those from the Rhodopes
mountains, while those from Rila mountain show poor growth
and survival.
Keywords: Picea abies (L.)
Karst., Norway spruce, provenances, experimental stations
Govedarci, Iasenkovo.
METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN
SIMULATION OF THE AGRO-ECOSYSTEMS
Alexander
N. Sadovski
Summary: Simulation
models describe the
functioning of agro-ecosystems and
the flow of processes
in them using
computer programs. With their help can
be made computer experiments and
to predict the
behavior of agro-ecosystems.
One of the main problems
in the creation of simulation models
is imitation of uncontrollable
soil and weather
factors. A number of studies of soil properties and
meteorological characteristics indicate that these
stochastic variables
do not follow the normal (Gaussian) distribution.
In the selection of statistical models that approximate the
distribution of such stochastic variables,
the most appropriate is a family of
Johnson distributions. The article examines ways
to generate pseudorandom numbers
from Johnson and Burr distributions families for simulating soil
and weather factors determining agro-ecosystems.
Keywords: Simulation modeling,
agro-ecosystems, empirical distributions, pseudorandom
numbers.