Editor's comment
I. Simeonov
3-4
I. Human
and biosphere
Influence of the mobile
telecommunications networks on the human health
H. Angelov, M.
Lyubenova
5-10
Experimental
and theoretical
research of noise emitted by
merchant ships in the port
H.
Draganchev,
M. Georgiev, B.
Mihailov
11-18
Registration of floods and
fires using MODIS
M. Dimitrova, R. Nedkov
19-24
Influence of some
feeders on contamination of
A.
Sotirov, D. Mawlood, N. Pistalov, R. Vezenkova, M.
Yerusalimova,
L. Stanchev, T. Rasulski, S. Savova
25-32
Acoustic
design using
the theory of quasi-cylindrical
sound waves
N.
Nikolov, G.
Trapov, M. Mazhdrakov, D. Benov
33-38
V. Ilyn, D. Korshunov
39-44
II.
Microorganisms and environment
V. Govorukha, O. Tashyrev
45-54
Variation in
light-temperature conditions affects pigments and
extracellular polysaccharide production by Rhodella
Reticulata
J. Ivanova, L. Kabaivanova
55-60
Antibacterial activity of
organically grown tomatoes: juice, puree, tissue and
seeds
A.
Tomov, A. Doycheva, G. Satchanska
61-67
III.
Ecomonitoring
Crop condition assessment on
a test site in
V. Vassilev, E.
Roumenina
68-75
A.
Deleva
75-85
O. Vitov, A. Sotirov
86-93
A.
Alexandrov, E Nedkova
94-98
Results from fertilization of
scot pine stand on brown forest soils
S. Bogdanov
99-104
V. New
projects
Practical
recommendations for
acoustic design of transport noise barriers
D. Benov, J. Toshkov,
M. Karakolev
105-116
VI.
Scientific forums
Thirteenth congress of
microbiologists in
A. Galabov, H. Najdenski
117-118
INFLUENCE OF THE
Christo Angelov, Mariyana Lyubenova
Abstract: The problem
of the influence of electromagnetic radiation of mobile
phones on human health
was treated. The existing studies and
existing legislation were also analyzed. More research
and tests are absolutely
necessary to determine not only the limits of radiation
from the base stations
in their transmission area, but also the restrictive
norms and standards for
mobile devices and creating hygienic norms and rules for
the use and possession
of mobile phones of the human population in this area.
This will make possible
to prevent the occurrence of environmental problems or
future environmental
catastrophe.
Key words: mobile
phones, electromagnetic radiation, human health,
environment
EXPERIMENTAL
AND THEORETICAL RESEARCH OF NOISE EMITTED BY MERCHANT SHIPS IN
THE PORT
Hristo Draganchev, Milcho
Georgiev, Boris Mihailov
Abstract: Assessing
the level of
noise emitted during the passage of vessels in the rivers
and canals in the
aquatic environment and the impact on settlements near to
ports as required by
the EU hasn’tbeen performed on a local level (in Bulgaria). The
analysis of existing standards
and local legislation shows that there aren't any local
provisions for the
emitted noises from vessels. Directive
2002/49/ÅÑ of the European Parliament and Council of Europe
[1] defines the
overall approach for avoiding and restricting the harmful
effect of different
global noise sources (not local ones). In this respect,
Directive 2002/49/EC is
not treating individually the ship noise impact to the
environment. Other EU
Directives are covering the ship noise issues, as sources.
(as Directive
2003/44/ÅÑ re. recreational ship crafts, and as well
Directive 2006/87/ÅÑ
covering the technical requirements for water crafts).
Directive 2006/87/ÅÑ
defines limit values for moving ships in 25 m distance from
ship line, i. e. 75 dB(A), and respectively of
stationary ship – 65 dB(A). As sub-law in
Key Words: Noise emission
in the environment, modeling and
evaluation of noise, noise
measurement.
REGISTRATION
OF FLOODS AND FIRES USING MODIS
M.
Dimitrova, R. Nedkov
Abstract.
In
this paper we present the possibility for
identification of floods and fires using spectral reflection
characteristics of
different objects based on the MODIS data. We present the
differences in
reflection characteristics of different objects during such
events.
Key words: floods,
fires, satellite data, MODIS, spectral reflection
characteristics
INFLUENCE OF SOME FEEDERS ON CONTAMINATION OF
Anton
Sotirov, Dana Mawlood, Nikola Pistalov, Rositsa Vezenkova,
Mihaela
Yerusalimova, Lachezar Stanchev, Thomas Rasulski, Siana
Savova
Abstract. During the
study the following parameters were measured on terrain:
radiation of the water
and the common radiation background; acidity of the water
(pH); water and air
temperature (t, °C); electrical conductivity (EC); total
dissolved sulfur (
Key
words:
environmental monitoring, water contamination,
ACOUSTIC DESIGN
USING
THE THEORY OF QUASI-CYLINDRICAL SOUND
WAVES
Nikolay
Nikolov,
Georgi Trapov, Metodi Mazhdrakov, Dobriyan Benov
Abstract.
In acoustics
are
considered two models of
propagation of sound waves
-
from a point or
line
source. In the first case,
the noise energy
is
distributed in the form of a
sphere, and in the second
-
as a cylinder of
infinite length.
This
finding contradicts
the field
measurements in urban
environments and the results of
laboratory experiments. Therefore, in 1984
N.
Nikolov defines a new class of
sound waves
as a
quasi-cylindrical. Physically,
the
quasi-cylindrical sound waves
are
generated by in phase emitting stacked point
sources. Therefore, with limited number of sources, can be expected
that the waves
have properties
similar
to spherical, and in any number of
sources - of the tubular.
Keywords: quasi-cylindrical
sound waves, acoustic design, sound wave propagation
Posttreatment microbial biodegradation of liquid products of various organic substrates in the world and in the conditions of orbital flight
Ilyn V.K.,
Korshunov D.V.
Abstract. The aim of this study was to test
the effectiveness of
purification of liquid products of biodegradation of organic
substrates using
aerobic bacteria and fungi during in microgravity
conditions. The study was
conducted in 2013 in space flight on the board of Bion-M1
biosatellite and a
specialized bioreactor, designed to carry out the
fermentation, was used.
Methodology for purification of substrates remaining after
biodegradation of
crop residues (carrots and cabbage) used aerobic mesophilic
cultures Pseudomonas
esterophilus ECM-1736D, Paracoccus
denitrificans VKM B-1324, Achromobacter parvulus
ECM-1541D and Stenotrophomonas
maltophila VKM B-591 of
the Russian Collection of Microorganisms and culture fungi.
Keywords: biodegradation,
aerobic bacteria, organic substrates, Bion-M1 satellite
THERMODYNAMIC
PROGNOSIS FOR ASSESSING THE ROLE OF Fe(III)-REDUCING
BACTERIA IN BIOGEOCHEMICAL
CYCLES OF IRON AND CARBON
Vira Govorukha,
Oleksandr Tashyrev
Abstract.
On the basis of
thermodynamic calculations spreading of Fe(III)-reducing
bacteria in ecosystems
characterized by different complexes of extreme factors was
experimentally
confirmed. Obtained results indicate on the potential impact
of
Fe(III)-reducing bacteria to biogeochemical cycles of carbon
and energy in
natural ecosystems. Thermodynamic prognosis of microbial
metabolism regulation
can be used to increase the efficiency of biotechnologies of
iron extraction
from mines and purification of water from iron compounds.
Key words: thermodynamic prognosis,
Fe(III)-reducing bacteria,
natural
ecosystems, biotechnologies.
VARIATION IN LIGHT-TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS AFFECTS PIGMENTS AND EXTRACELLULAR POLYSACCHARIDE PRODUCTION BY RHODELLA RETICULATA
Juliana
Ivanova and Lyudmila Kabaivanova
Abstract:
Light intensities and
different temperatures play crucial roles in affecting
pigments and
carbohydrates content of the red microalga Rhodella
reticulata. The total extracellular
polysaccharide increased with
increasing the photon flux. Its
quantity was 0.25 mg ml-1 at 18°C
and 260 μE m−2 s−1 and increased up
to 0.40 mg ml-1
at 34°C at 260 μE m−2 s−1 and 0.45
mg ml-1 at
the same temperature and 520 μE m−2
s−1 light intensity as an answer to the extreme
conditions. At 34°C,
at both light intensities, the
quantity of the polysaccharide
is highest, as a defensive mechanism of the cell. The light and temperature
conditions also affect the
synthesis of photosynthetic pigments of the alga.
Decreased quantity of
chlorophyll “a” was established at increasing light
intensity. Its content in
the temperature optimum 26°C, decreased by 1.8 - fold
at 520 μEm−2
s−1 due to photoinhibition. Variation in these
parameters could lead
to increased production of a desired bioproduct.
Key words: Rhodella
reticulata, irradiance,
temperature, pigments, exopolysaccharide
Abbreviations:
EPS-exopolysaccharide; PBP-phycobiliproteins
ANTIBACTERIAL
ACTIVITY OF ORGANICALLY GROWN TOMATOES: JUICE, PUREE,
TISSUE AND SEEDS
Alexander
Tomov, Anna Doycheva, Galina Satchanska*
Abstract:
In this
study different organically grown bulgarian tomato varieties
– Bull's heart,
Rose, Ideal and Sorrentino have been studied in order to
evaluate their
antibacterial properties against Gram-positive and
Gram-negative bacteria.
Experiments were conducted via agar
diffusion method. 0.1 ml of test microorganisms at
concentration 1x109
CFU/mL were spread on Nutrient agar plates. Test strains - the Gram(-) Escherichia coli No 8751 and the Gram(+) Bacillus subtilis No8752 were delivered from
the National
Bank for Microorganisms and Cell
Cultures (NBMCC), Bulgaria. Raw and heat treated tomato
puree were loaded in
perforated in agar wells while the tissue slices and seeds
were placed on the
agar surface. Samples were cultivated at 37oC for
24 hours and
further the diameter of the sterile zones was measured. Our
results revealed
that the tomato puree diplays antibacterial activity towards
both B. Subtilis and
E. coli. The raw tomato puree disposed wider
inhibition zones
compared to the dried one. Tomato seeds showed inhibitory
effect only against B.subtilis
and none towards
E. coli. The antibacterial activity of
tomato tissue slices was similar to those of the seeds. In
conclusion, the
strongest antibacterial effect was displayed by the raw
tomato puree. Among the
two varieties
“Ideal” showed higher
activity. The obtained results demonstrated that bulgarian
organically grown
tomatoes contain antimicrobial substances and could be used
as prospective
source of novel antimicrobial agents.
Key
words:
antibacterial activity, organically grown
tomatoes, natural puree, heat treated puree, seeds, tissue
CROP
CONDITION ASSESSMENT ON A TEST SITE IN
Vassil S.
Vassilev, Eugenia
K. Roumenina
Abstract: The purpose of
this article is to investigate the
crop condition based on per-pixel supervised
classification on SPOT-5 HRG
satellite image, acquired on 21.04.2011 for Zhiten test
site situated in
Key
words: agriculture, crop
identification, accuracy
assessment, crop condition assessment
LIDAR
DETECTION OF UNUSUALLY HIGH AEROSOL LOADING OF THE
ATMOSPHERE AND OF EXTRAORDINARY
SEASONAL SAHARAN DUST INCURSIONS OVER
Atanaska
D. Deleva
Abstract. This
work presents results of LIDAR investigations of the
atmosphere over
Key
words: lidar,
laser remote sensing, Saharan dust, aerosols,
troposphere
MINERAL
CONTENT OF THE RIVER SANDS IN KYUSTENDIL REGION WITH
ECOLOGIGAL RISKS FOR THE
QUALITY OF SOILS, WATER AND BUILDING MATERIALS
Oleg Vitov,
Anton
Sotirov
Abstract. Mineral
content of the sands from the rivers in Kyustendil region,
Key
words: sands, mineral contents,
contaminants, water, soils
POST-
IRRADIATION EFFECT ON SURVIVAL AND
DIAMETER GROWTH OF 40 YEARS OLD PROGENY OF NORWAY SPRUCE
POPULATIONS IN
Alexander
H. Alexandrov, Elena Nedkova
Abstract: In 1973,
when a purposeful transfer of definite genes was still not
used for forest tree
species, an acute irradiation with gamma- rays of cobalt- 60
(⁶⁰Co) was applied on seeds
of Picea abies ( L.) Karst. populations from Rila
Mt., Pirin Mt., the
Rhodopes, the Balkan range and Vitosha Mt. with the purpose
of adapting their
progenies towards
the climate change and
the appearance of any diseases and pests. Norway spruce
seeds by individuals
and stands in full- seed year 1971 were irradiated with
doses of 200 rad, 500
rad, 1000 rad, 1500 rad and 7500 rad in March 1973 and were
sown in the same
year in an experimental field near Govedartsi of Rila mt. at
altitude of 1250
m.
The
analysis of data on survival and growth in diameter of trees
at age 40 show the
following results:
The
dose of 500 rad causes a stimulation effect with 10 % on
survival of 40- years-
old spruce trees obtained from irradiated seeds. The
positive post- irradiation
effect on survival of trees tends to better adaptation.
The
dose of 500 rad provokes a depressed effect with 15 mm on
growth in diameter of
spruce trees in 2013, obtained from irradiated seeds.
Nevertheless, the growing
stock of this sample plot is slightly bigger by reason of
greater part of
survived trees.
The post- irradiation
effect on survival and growth of Norway spruce is
unpredicted but a dose of 500
rad for most individuals and populations has definitely a
positive response on
survival.
Keywords: post- irradiation
effect, Picea abies (L.) Karst., survival, growth.
RESULTS
FROM FERTILIZATION OF SCOT PINE STAND ON BROWN
Simeon
Bogdanov
Abstract.
The paper presents results from fertilization experiment of
scot pine stand
(Pinus sylvestris L.) on
Key words: fertilization,
brown
forest soils, humus, total nitrogen,
phosphorus, potassium, pH, growth,
Pinus sylvestris L.
PRACTICAL
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ACOUSTIC
DESIGN OF TRANSPORT NOISE BARRIERS
Dobriyan
Benov,
Josif Toshkov, Mihail Karakolev
Abstract. The
experience gained from the design and construction of
transport noise barriers is
allowing us to make certain recommendations. They can not cover
all possible cases, but we believe that it will be useful
for practical
activities of specialists in this field.
Design
of transport noise barriers is a
complex engineering task in which
solution the effect of factors of different nature -
physical processes and
phenomena, urban planning and landscape-planning practice,
specific regulations
for design and construction experience must be taken
into account
. Derived
formulas takes
into account the impact of the most significant of these
factors. In some
cases the decision must comply with the specific situation,
by enriching the
model.
Keywords: transport noise barriers, acoustic design, practical recommendations