H. Najdenski
3-4
I. MAN
AND BIOSPHERE
Ŕn opportunity for development
of small
settlements through the establishment of active
ecotourism destinations within range of tourist path ‘’Pod
kamiko”, village of Bov
M. Mladenov
5-16
Registering
the pollen-giving plants for honey bee (Apis mellifera
L.) by using pollen traps
Zh. Radev
17-22
Geological and ecological risks of determined
new Cemetery terrain - town of Kyustendil, Bulgaria
A. Sotirov, D. Mawlood, N. Pistalov, S. Savova, R. Vezenkova, V.
Sotirov
23-30
II.
ECOLOGICAL AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
Assessment of lime sludge and ash wood as
meliorants of acid soils
S. Marinova, N. Kathijotes, E. Zlatareva
31-37
A. Sadovski, I. Christov
38-45
Effect of presowing
electromagnetic treatment of pepper seeds
on biometric indexes of the seedlings
G. Antonova, H. Boteva, K. Sirakov, I. Palov
46-52
III.
FOREST BIOLOGY
Relief influence on soil
silvicultural properties of brown forest soils
S. Bogdanov
53-57
IV.
ECOLOGICAL LEGISLATION
T. Andreeva–Nesheva
58-68
V. JUBILEE
Assoc. Prof. Ivan Simeonov at the age of 70
69-70
Metodi Mladenov
Abstract. Tourism as one of the
priority sectors of the country is becoming increasingly
important for successful economic development of the
settlements. The present work analyzes the opportunities for
development of tourism in compliance with ecological and
natural conditions. The route of the Pod Kamiko tourist
trail (Gara Bov village, Svoge municipality) is considered.
This route has a preserved natural environment, poorly
developed anthropogenic activity and is rich in natural,
cultural, and historical landmarks. Key features are
presented in order to assess the opportunities for
development of ecotourism and the changes after the
construction of the tourist trail in 2012. The report also
shows the results of the SWOT analysis before the
construction of the trail and after a five-year period. A
survey on the influence of the route on tourism and the
development of settlements as well as the changes in the
profile of tourists are also presented.
Key words: Bov; recreation; eco-tourism; pedestrian walking route; SWOT analysis
Zheko Radev
Abstract:
In this study, the pollen
pellets were collected by using pollen
traps in a three year period, and the
pollen-giving flora were determined. The analysis in the
area give that, the bees have visited 113 species of honey
plants from 101 genera and 46 families, which indicates a
relatively high number and variety of honey plants. Their
blooming periods are described. About 75-80% of the visited
plants are nature vegetation. Agricultural and introduced
plants occupy about 20-25% of the established honey plants
in the area. Family Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Rosaceae, have
the largest number of pollen sources. The weed and meadow flora provide a great
diversity of pollen with different nutritive value, needed
for the normal development of the bee colonies. This shows
the need for the existence and preservation of uncultivated
flora as a source of food for bees. The overuse of
herbicides and many other negative anthropogenic factors
must be limited, which are the main reason for the reduction
in the species diversity of wild honey plants. The use of
pollen traps gives precise results about visited and
pollen-giving plants.
Key
words: pollen, pollen traps, honey plants, honey bee, Apis mellifera L.
GEOLOGICAL AND
ECOLOGICAL RISKS OF DETERMINED NEW CEMETERY TERRAIN - TOWN
OF KYUSTENDIL, BULGARIA
Anton Sotirov, Dana
Mawlood, Nikola Pistalov, Siana Savova
Abstract. According to this study, the new terrain,
determined for cemetery of town of Kyustendil, Bulgaria is
suitable for this activity, according to the Bulgarian low
and EU directives for cemeteries. The terrain is distanced
on a minimum of 300 m from the living and public properties
from South and it is distanced of about 150 - 200 m from
industrial buildings from the North. The terrain has
inclination of the slope opposite to housing complexes.
There are not observed erosion and landslides as well as
sources of drinking water. Flooding
of the terrain is not observed too. The underground water is
deeper than 5 meters as according to drilling companies the
its level is about 25-30 m. As a result of the study the
terrain was determined as suitable for cemetery activities.
Key
words: cemetery, geology,
ecology, assessment risk
ASSESSMENT OF LIME SLUDGE
AND ASH WOOD AS MELIORANTS OF ACID SOILS
Svetla
Marinova, Nicholas Kathijotes, Elena Zlatareva
Abstract: One of the important reasons for reducing the
fertility of arable soils in our country is the
acidification to a harmful degree for crops. The classic
approach for improving the fertility of acid soils is a
neutralization of toxic acidity for plants by introducing
lime materials - liming. Besides, the presence of large
quantities of waste materials with neutralizing properties
requires their utilization. The main objectives of the
study are to characterize the calcium carbonate
precipitate (lime sludge) and ash wood, which are waste
materials from the production of "OGNYANOVO K" Ltd.,
to study their neutralizing potential and possibilities for
use as ameliorants on soils with various acidic properties.
Agrochemical, chemical and physico-mechanical analyses
revealed that both materials have a large neutralizing
capacity, slightly greater of the lime sludge and do not
contain harmful substances that can have a negative impact
during their use as ameliorants of acidified soils.
Key words: acid soils, lime materials, calcium
carbonate precipitate, ash wood
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR IRRIGATED CROPS
GROWERS
Alexander Sadovski,
Ilia Christov
Abstract: Against the background of climate change, which
reduces water availability in many areas of the world, every
year the global Agriculture, the world's largest user of the
planet's water resources, spends a huge amount of water
without achieving optimal crop yields. Finding a universally
applicable way to ensure the efficient use of irrigation
water in agriculture is a real business need and its
successful transformation into a fully functional automated
decision support system is a technology that can lead to
creation of a product, which will be a novelty for
irrigation management. The article describes a comprehensive
technology that allows scientific management of the state of
irrigated crops for virtually any agricultural field that
has been tested in long-term field trials and brought to the
TRL6 software prototype. The structure of the Decision
Support System is presented and links between the individual
partial mathematical models and their technological
relationship with the databases used are shown.
Key words: irrigation, decision support,
agrometeorological characteristics, moisture energy
EFFECT
OF
PRESOWING ELECTROMAGNETIC TREATMENT OF PEPPER SEEDS ON
BIOMETRIC INDEXES OF THE SEEDLINGS
Gabriela Antonova, Hriska Boteva,
Kiril Sirakov, Ivan Palov
Abstract:
During the period 2015-2016 in the Maritsa VCRI, Plovdiv was
carried out a study to determine the effect of
electromagnetic treatment of pepper seeds on the quality of
seedlings (variety Kurtovska kapia 1). The seeds was treated
before sowing with 12 irradiation variants depending on the
factors: voltage U (kV), duration of treatment τ (s), time
of stay of the seeds from treatment to sowing – days T.
Characters for evaluation were - weight (g), height (cm),
stem diameter (cm), number and weight of the leaves (g),
root length (cm) and weight (g), total plant weight (g).
The
best effect is shown in variant treated with a voltage of 6
kV for 20 s and time of stay 4 days. The plant were with
23.46 cm height, 4.1 mm diameter; number of leaves 8,94 root
length 8.8 cm and total plant weight 8.42 g (56.2% towards
the control).
Key
words: electromagnetic treatment,
pepper seedlings, seedlings quality
Simeon Bogdanov
Abstract. The paper presents results from investigation
on Brown Forest soils (Dystric - Eutric Cambisols, FAO
2006).
They are situated in the Middle
forest vegetation zone (700 – 2000 m a.s.l.) of the Thracian
forest vegetation area. The factors of soil formation have
been characterized and the soil silvicultural properties
have been analyzed. Special attention is paid to the
influence of relief elements -
altitude, slope and exposition on soil fertility. Soil
profile structure has been described. The content of humus,
total N and soil available water have been determined. The
results are processed by statistical program. The arithmetic
averages (M) and variation
coefficients (Cv%) have been calculated. The data
obtained show significant differences in soil silvicultural
properties depending on terrain exposition. Conformity
between soil properties and forest productivity has been
established.
Key words: brown
forest soil, factors of soil formation, relief, exposition,
soil silvicultural properties.
Teodora
Andreeva–Nesheva
Abstract:
Today the European
environmental policy drives in the right direction, but
still mainly due to economic reasons, it stays
insufficiently integrated and applicable. Attempts to
further extent the environmental policies to the new
pollution factors, to integrate them into other policies and
to correct wrong market mechanisms were realized, but
unfortunately, failed to deliver all the desirable results.
The lack of a more stringent policy and regulation on the
issue of electromagnetic pollution at EU level is
problematic. The current approach raises questions about the
(non)adequate application of the main principles of the
environment policy. The main shortcomings in the
European environmental policy, related to the electromagnetic pollution, are associated with the lack of enough regulation on a common European level, limited scope of the legislation, lack of requirements for
comprehensive and unified monitoring, integrated
assessment communication system and risk management. The new EU Framework Programme Horizon 2020
provides financial resources and must be used more
efficiently to study more systematically the negative
impacts of electromagnetic fields on human health and
environment in a long term, which would provide the basis
for the regulatory changes to be established at the EU
level.
Keywords: electromagnetic pollution,
non-ionizing radiation, environment, European legislation