Ya. Topalova
3-4
I. MAN AND
BIOSPHERE
On some relationships
between ecology and health
A. Sadovski
5-12
A study of the connection
between electromagnetic smog, aerosol pollution
and cloud formation
D. Gotchev, M. Dimitrova, R. Nedkov
13-19
II. TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEPOLUTION
New approaches in media
alkalization during the struvite precipitation
D. Radev, G. Peeva, H. Yemendzhiev,
B.Bonev, V. Nenov
20-26
I. Schneider, M. Ducheva, I. Yotinov, Y.
Todorova, E. Daskalova, Y. Topalova, V. Stefanova
27-35
I. Hariskos, M. A. Chairopoulou, C. Posten,
U. Teipel, M. Vučak
36-41
L.. Kabaivanova, I. Simeonov, D. Denchev, S.
Mihaylova, V. Hubenov, R. Nikolova, D. Todorova
42-49
IV.
ECOMONITORING
Development
of a Web geoportal for the watershed of Yantra river
through open source software
T. Trenkova
50-55
R. Nedkov, T. Spasova, D. Gotchev
56-61
V.
BIOAUTOMATICS AND BIOINFORMATICS
Modeling and software sensors
design for anaerobic digestion process
ON SOME
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ECOLOGY AND HEALTH
Alexander Sadovski
Abstract: Three mathematical and statistical methods
- namely correlation, Redundancy and Procrustean
analysis were applied to analyze relationships between
ecological factors of environment and health indicators.
They used data from the International Organization for
Environment Protection (UNEP) and the World Bank (World
Bank). Environmental factors include emissions of
various pollutants - N2O, NOx, PM10,
CO2, and economic factors such as renewable
energy resources. Of the indicators of health are
considered life expectancy, mortality, morbidity from
diabetes and tuberculosis. The results provide a basis
for a series of discussions and conclusions.
Key words: ecological factors, health indicators,
correlation, Redundacy analysis, Procrustean
analysis
a STUDY OF THE CONNECTION
BETWEEN ELECTROMAGNETIC SMOG, AEROSOL POLLUTION AND CLOUD
FORMATION
Deyan Gotchev, Maria Dimitrova, Roumen Nedkov
Abstract: Some
important discrepancies in weather forecast for urban
area during frontal zones’ transitional periods are
constantly observed, when air pollution is combined
with electromagnetic smog. Often the days’ lasting
phenomenon is due to an unstable phase in humidity
transition, which is generated by electromagnetic smog
stimulation of anthropogenic aerosol aggregation. This
result is a fog-like cover which intensifies pulmonary
illness and allergies.
Key words:
clouds, air pollution, electromagnetic smog
NEW APPROACHES IN
MEDIA ALKALIZATION DURING THE STRUVITE PRECIPITATION
Dian Radev, Gergana Peeva, Husein Yemendzhiev, Bogdan Bonev, Valentin Nenov
Abstract. The crystallization of Magnesium ammonium
phosphate hexahydrate (struvite) is a
function of several parameters. One of the key factors
is the pH which needs to be controlled in order to
obtain optimal production conditions. Different
alkalization methods applied in struvite precipitation
are discussed with emphasis on the comparison between
the options related to addition of alkalizing reagents
and the alternatives proposed in this study. In order to
develop non-reagent alkalization approach, the pH
dynamics in model and real reagent mixtures of
magnesium, ammonia and phosphates are studied during CO2
stripping and treatment in Microbial Electrolysis Cell.
It was found that CO2 stripping allows the
fluid to reach values of pH 8.5 within 20 minutes at the
initial values of 7.2, while in applying Microbial
Electrolysis cell the process is much slower but the
final values of alkalinity achieved are higher (9.2
within 24 hours).
Keywords: struvite,
pH, CO2 stripping, microbial electrolysis
Effect of mazut on structural and
functional indicators of activated sludge in sofia
wastewater treatment plant “kubratovo”
Abstract: The effect of inflow of 30
t mazut in Sofia Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP)
“Kubratovo” on structural and functional parameters
of activated sludge was investigated in this paper.
Sludge volume index and filamentous index were
analyzed in parallel with microscopic examination of
activated sludge (AS) with a goal to ascertain
eventual deformations in its structure. The
metabolic activity of the biological system was
investigated by measurement of the total aerobic
dehydrogenase activity. The samples were taken from
the aeration zone in biobasin.
The obtained data show
that the activated sludge structure was deformed. A
bulking activated sludge was ascertained because the
sludge volume index was higher than 150 ml/g. The
filamentous index was over 1.107µm/mg,
which was an indicator for a filamentous bulking.
The used correlation analysis and the obtained
correlation coefficients among these two indexes and
the key chemical indicators (BOD5/COD and
hydrocarbon index of petroleum products) showed that
the structural deformations are due to the
concentration of toxic pollutant and in less degree
to the lower percentage of biodegradable organics.
The initial effect of mazut on activated sludge
structure was also related with disappearance of
rotifers and nematodes. The total density of
organisms from micro- and metafauna was 2,86.106
ind./l on the 6th day after mazut inflow
and it increased to 8,77.106 ind./l
during the next studied period (from the 12th
to the 25th day after the shock load with
mazut). Also, appearance of rotifers and nematodes
during
this period clearly showed the
improvement of the conditions in the aeration tank
and decrease of negative effect on the activated
sludge. The aerobic dehydrogenase activity was two
times lower on the 6th day after shock
load with mazut (0,75.10-4
μMH+/min.mgPr) in comparison to data
before risk event (control situation: 1,34.10-4
μMH+/min.mgPr) which was an indicator
for inhibition of activated sludge on a functional
level. Although the registered deformations, a full
recovery of aerobic dehydrogenase activity (2,16.10-4
μMH+/min.mgPr) was established during
the period from the 12th to the 25th
day after shock load with mazut.
Key words: activated sludge,
biological wastewater treatment, mazut, structural
and functional deformations
CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOGENIC CALCITE
PARTICLES FROM MICROALGAE – COCCOLITHS AS A POTENTIAL
RAW MATERIAL FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION
I. Hariskos, M. A. Chairopoulou, C. Posten, U. Teipel, M. Vučak
Keywords:
Coccolith production, biogenic lime
products, bio-inspired materials, Emiliania
huxleyi
THERMOCHEMICAL
PRETREATMENT OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC SUBSTRATES FOR
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION AT MESOPHILIC AND THERMOPHILIC
CONDITIONS
Lyudmila. Kabaivanova, Ivan Simeonov , Dencho Denchev, Snejanka Mihaylova, Venelin Hubenov, Radoslava Nikolova, Donka Todorova
Key words: biomethane,
pretreatment, anaerobic digestion, lignocellulosic
substrates
Tanya Trenkova
Abstract: The advance in the web
mapping technologies enabled the generation and use of
vast amount of spatial data. First and foremost,
challenge is the extraction of appropriate information
from the excessive data overload. In this respect the
needs of web-based GIS applications for fast and easy
dissemination, display and sharing of spatial
information are constantly growing. The work
investigates some geovisualization techniques for user
friendly data representation. A framework containing
different data types is elaborated related to the
utilization of spatial datasets for Yantra River Basin
area. The prototype is developed to serve as a
data-viewer for various users.
The goal is to provide
a comprehensive visualization tool for gaining better
understanding from the available spatial data for the
case study area. The application enables users to
view, natural resources information for specific
needs. The approach integrates only open source
technologies for the development of the web-based GIS
applications and tools serving to disseminate the data
through the web. Flexibility, extensibility and
interoperability of the open source software proves
the necessity and benefits of the open source
solutions within multi-aspect environments.
Keywords: web-based GIS applications, Open
Source Software, geovisualization
A DISCRIMINATVE APPROACH
BASED ON AEROSPACE MULTISPECTRAL BANDS DATA IN
MONITORING OF SNOW COVER AND WATER
Roumen Nedkov, Temenuzhka Spasova, Deyan Gotchev
Abstract: The contemporary methods in aerospace-data-based monitoring require the use of combined
images with different resolutions and
electromagnetic spectral ranges. This is the core of
the presented research for the creation of new
approaches, data-processing methods and algorithms
for analysis. Data from active and passive
space-borne sensors are used. Results for
quantitative changes of snow and water cover are obtained. Data with different
polarization from the micro-wave band are combined
with different composite images in the optical band.
Results, based on satellite data, about the dynamic
of the changes in the researched objects are
commented.
Key words: snow cover, satellite
data, microwave and optical bands
MODELING
AND
SOFTWARE SENSORS DESIGN FOR ANAEROBIC DIGESTION PROCESS
E.
Chorukova, S. Diop, I. Simeonov, S. Tebbani
Abstract. Anaerobic
digestion is an effective biotechnological process for
treatment of different agricultural, municipal and
industrial wastes. Use of mathematical models is a
powerful tool for investigations and optimisation of
the anaerobic digestion processes and for softwere
sensors design as well. In this paper a new version,
conserning the gas phase modelling, of a simple
mathematical model of the anaerobic digestion was
developed and verified experimentally. The parameter
identification was based on a set of 150 days of
dynamical experiments in a laboratory bioreactor. Two
step identification procedure to estimate 3 model
parameters is presented. The results of 15 days of
experiment in a pilot-scale bioreactor were then used
to validate the model.
On the
base of the modified simple
mathematical model of the AD software sensors using the
differential algebraic approach were designed and
studied by simulations.